Organic fertilizers, as an indispensable and important resource in agricultural production, are fertilizers rich in various organic substances and essential nutrients that are derived from animal and plant residues, excrement and other biological wastes, and are formed after specific treatment or natural fermentation:
- Definition and classification
Definition: Organic fertilizers refer to fertilizers containing organic matter that can provide, improve or maintain crop nutrition, improve soil fertility and soil biological activity. The organic matter in these fertilizers mainly comes from animal and plant bodies and their waste, such as plant straw, livestock and poultry manure, fish meal, bone meal, cake fertilizer, etc.
Classification:
Animal-derived organic fertilizers: such as livestock and poultry manure (pig manure, cow manure, chicken manure, etc.), fish meal, bone meal, etc., are rich in nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
Plant-derived organic fertilizers: such as crop straw (wheat straw, corn straw, etc.), green manure (such as astragalus, alfalfa, etc.), cake fertilizer (soybean cake, rapeseed cake, etc.), mainly provide carbon sources and organic matter.
Microbial source organic fertilizer: such as bacterial fertilizer, biological agent, etc., promote the reproduction of beneficial microorganisms in the soil through the activities of microorganisms and improve the soil environment.
Mixed organic fertilizer: Fertilizer made by mixing organic substances from different sources mentioned above, which has the advantages of multiple nutrients.
- Features and advantages
Comprehensive nutrients: Organic fertilizers not only contain macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, but also contain a variety of trace elements, such as calcium, magnesium, sulfur, zinc, iron, etc., which can meet the various needs of crop growth.
Long-lasting fertilizer effect: The nutrients in organic fertilizers are released slowly, and the fertilizer effect is long-lasting, which can provide continuous nutritional support for crops.
Improve soil: Organic fertilizers can increase the organic matter content of the soil, improve soil structure, improve the soil’s ability to retain water and fertilizer, and promote the reproduction of beneficial microorganisms in the soil.
Improve crop quality: The use of organic fertilizers can significantly improve the quality and taste of crops and increase the nutritional value of agricultural products.
Environmentally friendly and sustainable: Organic fertilizers can reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, reduce agricultural non-point source pollution, protect the ecological environment, and promote the sustainable development of agriculture.
- Usage and precautions
Usage method:
Base fertilizer: Before sowing or transplanting, evenly spread organic fertilizer on the soil surface, then plow it into the soil and use it as base fertilizer.
Topdressing: During the growth of crops, apply organic fertilizer in time according to the growth needs of crops and the nutrient status of the soil.
Foliar spraying: After dissolving organic fertilizer in water, provide nutrition to crops by foliar spraying.
Precautions:
Fully decomposed: Make sure that the organic fertilizer has been fully decomposed before use to avoid causing damage to crops or introducing pests and diseases.
Appropriate application: According to the needs of crops and soil conditions, reasonably control the application amount of organic fertilizer to avoid excessive application leading to nutrient imbalance or waste.
Use with chemical fertilizers: In organic agricultural production, organic fertilizers are usually used in combination with chemical fertilizers to give full play to their respective advantages and improve fertilizer efficiency and crop yields.
Therefore, organic fertilizers are a kind of fertilizer that is rich in nutrients, has a long-lasting fertilizer effect, improves soil, improves crop quality, and is environmentally sustainable. In agricultural production, the rational application of organic fertilizers is of great significance for promoting crop growth, improving the quality of agricultural products and protecting the ecological environment.
